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Congo Pedicle
The Congo Pedicle (at one time referred to as the Zaire Pedicle; in French ''フランス語:la botte du Katanga'', meaning ‘Katanga boot’) refers to the southeast salient of the Katanga Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo which sticks into neighbouring Zambia, almost dividing it into two lobes, like the wings of a butterfly. In area, the pedicle is similar in size to Wales or New Jersey. 'Pedicle' is used in the sense of 'a little foot'. 'Congo Pedicle' or 'the Pedicle' is also used to refer to the Congo Pedicle road which crosses it.
The Congo Pedicle is an example of the arbitrary boundaries〔Francis M. Deng: ''Africa and the New World Dis-Order: Rethinking Colonial Borders''. Brookings Review, Vol. 11, Spring 1993〕 imposed by European powers on Africa in the wake of the Scramble for Africa, which were "drawn by Europeans, for Europeans, and, apart from a some localized detail, paid scant regard to Africa, let alone Africans."〔Ieuan Griffiths: "The Scramble for Africa: Inherited Political Boundaries", ''The Geographical Journal'', Vol 152 No 2, July 1986, pp 204-216.〕
==British and Belgian territorial claims==
Cecil Rhodes's British South Africa Company approached Katanga from the south, the Belgian King Leopold II's Congo Free State (CFS) approached from the northwest. Southeast Katanga was controlled by the Yeke or Garanganze kingdom of Msiri based at Bunkeya (see map), and the BSAC and CFS competed to sign treaties with him, while he tried to play the one off against the other.〔David Gordon: ''Decentralized Despots or Contingent Chiefs: Comparing Colonial Chiefs in Northern Rhodesia and the Belgian Congo.'' KwaZulu-Natal History and African Studies Seminar, University of Natal, Durban, 2000.〕 For more detail and the story of how a CFS expedition led by a Canadian killed Msiri in December 1891, see the article on Msiri.
After Msiri's death the CFS was faster off the mark to consolidate their claim to Msiri's territory called 'Garanganza', and later Katanga, west up to the Luapula. Since 1885 they already had claimed land north of the Congo-Zambezi watershed. The BSAC were left with the land south of the watershed and east of the Luapula. The 1884–5 Berlin Conference was organised by Germany to resolve the outcome of the Scramble for Africa. It did not set the actual boundaries but agreed areas of influence, including the CFS's control over the Congo. Detailed borders were left to bilateral negotiations.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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